* Deep cervical fascia of the neck forms many facial spaces in the neck.
* It also forms coverings around many muscles , vessels , nerves .
* Deep cervical fascia mainly contain three layers .
1) Investing layer of deep cervical fascia
2) Pretracheal fascia
3) Prevertebral fascia
* INVESTING LAYER OF DEEP CERVICAL FACIA :
* This layer encloses the neck like a collar.
* This layer is present deep to platysma and superficial fascia.
* Attachments of deep cervical fascia: 1) Superior attachments :
* It is attached to external occipital protuberance
* superior nuchal lines
* mastoid and styloid process *Tympanic plate
* Base of mandible
2) Inferior attachments :
* it is attached inferiorly to clavicle .
* Manubrium
* Spine of scapula
* Acromion process of scapula
3) Anterior attachments :
* It is attached to symphysis menti
4) Posterior attachments :
* It is attached to ligamentum nuchae
* Spine of C7 vertebra
* Fascia splits to enclose two spaces of neck they are :
1) Suprasternal space or space of burns
2) Supraclavicular space
* Muscles enclosed by this fascia are , trapezius and sternocleidomastoid. *Glands covered by this fascia are , parotid gland and submandibular gland.
* Contents of suprasternal space or space of burns :
1) sternal head of sternocleidomastoid 2) jugular venous Arch
3) interclavicular ligament
4) lymph nodes.
* Contents of supraclavicular space : 1)Terminal part of external jugular vein
2) Suprascapular nerve
* Investing layer forms pulley to anchor the temdons of digastric and omohyoid muscle.
* Investing layer forms roof of anterior and posterior triangles of neck.
* Investing layer of deep cervical fascia thickens to form stylomandibular ligament and paretidomasseteric facia.
* PRETRACHEAL FACIA :
* This layer of fascia covers anterior and lateral sides of the neck.
* Superior attachemnts :
* It is attached to hyoid bone , oblique line of thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage .
* Inferior attachments :
* It encloses thyroid gland forming false capsule and it blends with apex of fibrous pericardium.
* Ligament of Berry :
* It is derived from pretracheal fascia and connects lateral lobe of thyroid gland with cricoid cartilage.
* PREVERTEBRAL FACIA :
* This is the most strongest facia.
* It lies in front of vertebral muscles.
* Superior attachments :
* It is attached to base of Skull
* Inferior attachments :
* It is attached to anterior longitudinal at level of upper thoracic vertebra.
* Prevertebral facia covers the following muscles :
* scalene muscles , levator scapulae and splenius capitis .
* From this fascia axillary sheath is derived .
* The prevertebral facia is seperated from wall of pharynx and bucco pharyngeal facia by space called " retropharyngeal space ".
* Retropharyngeal space has retro pharyngeal lymph nodes .
* CAROTID SHEATH :
* It is derivative of deep cervical facia.
* It is present between pretracheal , investing layer and prevertebral layer of deep cervical facia.
* This sheath is present around internal jugular vein , vagus nerve , common carotid artery and internal carotid artery .
Relations of carotid sheath :
* It is anteriorly related to ansa cervicalis.
* It is posteriorly related to cervical sympathetic chain.
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